Politics seems like a good real world example of the multi-agent inverse problem and trying to get agents to coordinate at a massive (country) scale.  Basically the multi-agent inverse problem is determining rules and behaviors at the low level that achieve a higher level objective.  This problem is made more difficult because the low level behaviors of agents interact with each other causing possibly unexpected emergent behavior.

Another thing that politics has is hierarchies…

Mainly this was prompted by the article on laws that pertain to the constitution and how they are interpreted.